Internal combustion engine

Engine Technology

Electrical Tech.

vehicle tech part 2

Principles of Steering (Continued)

13 What other safety system has been added to a steering columns and what happens in a front end collision ?
Air bags, when the car has a front end collision air bags sensors will trigger and deploy the air bags before you even blink 
14 What is the purpose of a control arm?

15 What is the purpose of the flexible joint that connects the imput shaft to the steering box ?
it allows alignment of the column to the steering wheel box .
16 How many control arms can a front suspension have ?
1 or 2
17 What type of front suspension has 2 control arms ?
parallel front suspension 
18 What does a pan hard rod do ?
to restrict lateral movement of the rear axle during cornering 
19 What are the purpose of bushes in a suspension system ?
act as bearing and suspension fulcrum points to allow for movement of the component while maintaining its alignment
20 What materials can bushes be made from ?
rubber, metallic, metalastic
21 What is the point of ball joints in the steering and suspension ?
as the  suspension and steering deflects, they let the control arms move up and down and lets the wheel and hub assembly turn for the steering wheel.

Principles of Steering

1 What isthe purpose of the steering ?
provides control over direction of travel, good manoeuvring, smooth recovery from turns and minimum transmission of road shocks.
2 How is four wheel steering controlled ?
can be controlled electronically or mechanically.
3 What is the purpose of power steering ?
to help the driver turn the wheel with less effort.
4 How do you describe steering geometry ?
the relationships between the steering system, the wheel positions and the suspension system form what is called the steering geometry.
5 What 2 different types of steering are there ?
Rack and pinion and worm gear
6 What connects to the steering rack to the wheels ?
tie-rods
7 Why is a rack and pinion used ?
because the construction is compact and light weight
8 What are the purpose of of the bearings in the steering box ?
to reduce friction and wear and to reduce end  float
9 What is the purpose of a worm gear steering box ?
for better control steering
10 How does the power steering work ?
the power steering pump, pumps the steering fluid to the steering gear box, which flows to the valve body unit. once you turn the wheel to the left or to the right , the computer tells the steering fluid to push against the crank to make the wheels move, taking less stress off the driver.
11 What is the purpose of the steering column ?
to transfer the drivers input torque from the steering wheel.

12 What has been added to some modern steering columns to reduce the risk of injury in a front end collision. Explain what happens to the steering column in a front end collision ? 

ABS

• What is the purpose of ABS?
  Prevents the wheels locking or skidding, no matter how hard the brakes are applied or how slippery the road surface.
• What is the purpose of speed sensors and are they input or outputs to the ECU?
  sends signals to the ECU and it inputs to the ECU.
• What is the weight percent on a braking system?
  60 to 40 % depending on RWD or FWD.
• If one of the lines leak what percentage of braking do you get?
  50% if one fails
• What are the main things we need to think about braking?
  Weight load, distance, road conditions and tyres.
• What is the purpose of an ECU?
  to control the hydraulic unit.
• When is ABS passive or active?
  its always passive till its needed
• When ABS is working how many times per second in a cycle?
  4 to 6 times per second
• How do you know that the ABS is working when driving?
  when your pushing the brake it pulsates.
• What current will be drawn when using ABS?
  Amps